White picket fences, brownstones, housing projects; racially diverse or isolated—what impact does a family’s neighborhood really have on the well-being and opportunities for young people? How much is correlated, and how much is causal? According to this report “rigorous research indicates that neighborhood isolation and distress can contribute to or exacerbate individual and family distress.” This report examines what’s known about poverty, economic security, access to services, and child and family well-being to better understand the neighborhood-family connection. In general, the analysis suggests that neighborhood poverty has a broader influence than racial/ethnic composition but that both affect family and child outcomes.